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TechnicalFeature 技术特写
离也会由于PCB加工带来一些不确定性。还有,每个材料上的
微小变化如Dk值的微小变化,也可能导致变化。考虑到这些
不确定性,在39 GHz相位的可重复性在±1.2度是合理的。
虽然Dk的变化不是测量评估中的一个因素,但需注意到
RO4730G3线路板材料的Dk容限在±0.05以内。在更高的频率
下,即使轻微的Dk变化有时也是很明显的:例如,在39 GHz
时,0.05的Dk偏移将导致大约为15.3度的相位角变化。对于
±0.05的公差或0.10的总Dk偏移,39GHz处的相位角可能会有
多达30.6度的变化。当考虑表1中的相位角变化时,这个数值
是很好的参考。但由于这些测试电路都来自于同一块大板,因
此可以预期由于Dk变化导致的相位角变化非常小。
表2显示了使用RO4730G3线路板加工的具有更粗糙的通
孔孔壁的电路的相位差异平均值、标准差和相位变化范围。通
过比较表1和表2,可以看出RO3003G2和RO4730G3线路板之
间的统计差异并不明显。如前所述,在这些试验过程中,为了
尽量减少材料带来的变化,电路板1和2都来自同一块大板。对
于相位角的比较结果以及出现的任何差异主要是来自电路加工
的影响。当对结果的分析仅限于同一张电路板时,相位角由于
材料带来的影响是最小的。每张大板上电路的S21的展开相位
角上都有一定的变化,但考虑到在两种不同材料上制作的电路
时,可以看到这种变化并不显著。
显然,通过观测显微照片,不同材料上的通孔的孔壁呈现
出很大的不同。例如,图2显示了在20mil厚的RO3003G2线路
板上加工的电路P1C1的通孔,它具有非常光滑的通孔孔壁。
而基于20.7mil厚的RO4730G3线路板材料的电路P2C6(见图
5)则具有较粗糙的通孔孔壁。仅从外观上看,可能会有一些
理由担心这种通孔壁表面粗糙度对射频性能的影响。但正如上
述几项研究所表明的那样,粗糙和平滑的通孔孔壁之间的差异
纯粹是表面的,并不对射频/微波/毫米波性能产生影响,至少
在40 GHz以下是这样的(见表3)!
图5:用20 mil RO4730G3线路板制作的PTH侧壁近景照片。 结论
本文中报告的信息仅是全部电路测试数据的一小部分。这
工的具有相同设计的六个电路的数据,分别以没有通孔的微带 些测试的目的是证明通孔表面粗糙度对毫米波频率下的RF性
传输线作为参考。表格中还示出了另一块18*12 inch板材上加 能的影响。结果表明,粗糙的通孔壁与光滑的通孔壁之间只是
工的具有相同设计的六个不同电路的数据(这两块18*12 inch 外观不同,并不影响40 GHz以下的射频、微波和毫米波的性
的基板来自于同一块24*18 inch基板)。电路ID表示电路来自 能。■
哪个板以及该板上的电路编号。例如,P1C4表示来自第一块
板子、电路编号为4。为实现一致性,电路彼此之间互相远离 参考文献
1. J. W. Reynolds, P. A. LaFrance, J. C. Rautio and A. F. Horn III, “Effect of Conductor Profile on
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